This is a question we hear often – and the answer depends on where you want to work, what your long-term goals are, and how you plan to get there.
The CPL Route – Common Elsewhere
In some parts of the world (e.g. Australia and Africa), it’s common to begin with a CPL (Commercial Pilot Licence) and instrument rating, then build experience flying smaller aircraft. You earn money, log hours, and gain valuable experience – much like an apprenticeship.
By the time you’re ready for an airline role, you’ll likely have thousands of hours logged, and you can sit the ATPL (Airline Transport Pilot Licence) exams when you’re eligible.
The European/UK Approach – The ATPL Fast Track
In the UK and Europe, the typical path is different. There’s an established fast-track route to becoming a First Officer on an Airbus or Boeing, often with just a few hundred hours of flying time – but highly targeted training.
This includes:
- ATPL-level theoretical exams (which include the required theory for an instrument rating).
- Upon completion, you receive a CPL with an instrument rating, plus ATPL theory credits – commonly referred to as a “frozen ATPL.”
If your goal is an airline job, this is the standard route – simple as that.
So Why Consider the CPL Route in the UK/Europe?
That’s a valid question. There are scenarios where starting with a CPL might make sense – particularly for career changers or those looking to instruct rather than fly for airlines. But there are important considerations:
1. The Difference Between CPL and ATPL Exams Isn’t That Great
The exams are more similar than you might think. For example:
- General Navigation (ATPL): 2hr 15min, 55 questions
- General Navigation (CPL): 2hr, 45 questions
In many subjects, the learning objectives are practically the same. A few areas (e.g. Radio Navigation) do have notable differences, but overall, CPL theory still requires a substantial knowledge base.
In fact, we often supplement the CPL syllabus with select ATPL content, so students get a complete and practical understanding of the subject – not just the minimum needed to pass.
2. You’ll Probably Need an Instrument Rating Eventually
If you only hold a CPL and later decide to add an IR (Instrument Rating), it’ll mean:
- Additional study
- A separate set of 5 exams
Even if you’re focused on instructing, an IR lets you:
- Teach instrument flying (which often pays more)
- Increase your versatility and flying hours
3. You Can’t Be Over-Qualified in Aviation
Aviation is competitive. Employers look at:
- Ratings held
- Total hours logged
More qualifications = more interviews.
Even when a job ad says, “We’ll provide the rating,” it helps enormously if you already have it. Plus, instructor pilots with IRs are more employable and often earn more.
And yes – even if you’re instructing just for fun, remember: instruction is demanding. You may start to value being fairly paid for your time in the air!
4. Insurance and Industry Expectations
Operators must meet strict insurance requirements – often based on the pilot’s experience and qualifications.
Having a CPL alone may not meet those minimums. But if you have:
- ATPL theory credits
- IR
- More ratings
You’re more attractive (and insurable) to employers.
5. Things Change – Future-Proof Yourself
You may start off thinking you’ll just instruct or do occasional charter. But aviation is full of unexpected opportunities. If one arises that requires an ATPL, and you only have a CPL, you could face redoing all 13 ATPL exams later.
It’s far easier to get it done upfront than circle back later.
Is It the Same for Helicopter Pilots?
Increasingly, yes.
There was a time when a CPL(H) was enough for single-pilot VFR jobs, like instruction or basic charter. But today:
- Many light helicopters are as advanced as airliners
- Operators (and insurance companies) expect two pilots, IRs, and higher qualifications – even for smaller VIP or Police/HEMS roles
If you’re instructing only, you can survive on that alone, but again – if you can teach instruments, you’re more valuable and employable.
In Summary
We’re not here to push you in one direction. But too often, students choose the CPL path without full awareness of the limitations. On the surface, it seems simpler and quicker – but in the long term, it might cost more time and effort to get where you want to be.
So, before you decide:
- Think carefully about your goals
Consider future opportunities
Understand the exam and qualification differences
The aviation industry rewards those who go the extra mile.
Whatever route you choose, we’re here to help you reach your goal and support you every step of the way.
